Hema Lecture 1: Chapter 1

What do you call the study of blood cells?

hematology

On average, how many liters of blood do humans have?

5L

What are the 3 major functions of blood?

-transports oxygen from lungs to tissues
-clears the tissues of carbon dioxide
-heat deception

What do you call the liquid portion of the blood that also provides coagulation enzymes?

plasma

What are the other names for:
- RBC
-WBC
-Platelets

-erythrocytes
-leukocytes
-trombocytes

Where are the RBC produced?

bone marrow

RBC are filled with what type of protein?

hemoglobin

RBC contains a nucleus.
True or False.

True (only when they're young)

RBS measures 6-8 microns in diameter.
True or False.

True

What does the patient have when they lose their oxygen carrying capacity in their blood?

anemia

Anemia causes the addition of the RBCs in the blood.
True or False.

False. reduction of RBCs in the blood

What does the patient have when they have increased numbers of RBCs in their blood?

polycythemia

What do you call a RBC that appears to be lager and when stained with wrght-stain it turns to a blue-gray color?

reticulocytes

What is polychromatia?

RBC that is newly release from the bone marrow

What do you call a protein that binds oxygen to blood?

hemoglobin

Drabkin's reagent is composed of?

potassium cyanide and potassium fericyanide

What converts hemoglobin to cyanthemoglobin?

drabkin's reagent

What do you call the ratio of cells to whole blood?

hematocrit

What is another term for the average volume of RBC?

Mean corpuscular volume

What is anisocytosis?

shows that some RBCs are small and some are larrge

What is the term for decrease in WBC count?

leukopenia

What is the term for increase in WBC count?

leukocytosis

What are the different types of leukocytes?

- polymorphonuclears or segmented neutrophils
- band neutrophils
- eosinophils
-basonophils
- lymphocytes
- monocytes

polymorphonuclear neutrophils has phagocytic cells that does what?

engulfs and destroys bacteria that is harmful to the body

when there is an increase in polymorphonuclear nuetrophils, it is called? What is the cause of this increase?

-decrease?

increase: neutrophilia 
bacterial infection

decrease: neutropenia
viral infection / long term medication

which leukocyte has a less mature/differentiated segs?

band neutrophils

Which leukocytes have pink granules when it is filled with bacteria?

cytoplasm of band neutrophils
bands of segs

which leukocyte has cells that are oragne, and have cytoplasmic granules filled with antihistamine?

what do you call them when there's a high count of it?
why is there a high count of these?

eosinophils


eosinophilia
high count signals allergy or parasitic infection

which leukocyte has cells with dark purple, irregular cytoplasmic granules and obscure nucleus?

high count? ( what does this signal?)

basophils


basophilia
signals hematologic disease (leukemia)

which leukocyte is a host for immunity, and recognizes foreign antigen and mount antiboydy and cell mediated antagonostic responses?

lymphocytes

what do you call when there's an increase in lymphocyte count? what does it show?

what do you call when there's an decreasein lymphocyte count? what does it show?

lymphocytosis
viral infection

lymphopenia
immunodeficiency

what do you call an immature macrophage passing through blood and it is the most abundant cell in the body?

an increase in monocyte count is called?

monocytes


monocytosis (leukemia)

which leukocyte assits lymphocytes in mounting immune responses?

monocytes

which white blood cell is also considered granulcytes?

neutrophils
basophil
eosinophils

which white blood cell is responsible for allergic reactions?

basophil

which wbc is responsible for viral infections?

lymphocytes

which wbc is responsible for worm infectios?

eosinophils

megakaryocyte is always found in bone marrow.

true or false

true

what do you call the immature macrophages that pass through blood, from the bone marrow to tissues?

monocytes

what adheres to surfaces of damaged blood vessels and secreate protein to trigger thrombosis or clot formation?

platelets